Amakuru
01
Uburyo bwo gutunganya ubuso bw'ibishushanyo bya aluminiyumu ni ubuhe?
2024-08-01
Gukora inzugi za aluminiyumu na Umwirondoro w'idirishyas zishobora kugabanywamo inzira enye: gutegura ingot, gushushanya extrusion, gutunganya ubushyuhe, no gutunganya ubuso. Bitewe no kunoza imibereho y'abantu, ibisabwa ku ishusho n'amabara by'inzugi n'amadirishya birarushaho kwiyongera. Kandi hamwe no kunoza buhoro buhoro ikoranabuhanga ryo gutunganya aluminiyumu, uburyo bumwe na bumwe bwo gutunganya ubuso bugoye bwatejwe imbere cyane. Akenshi tubona inzira zo gutunganya ubuso bwa aluminiyumu nka electrophoresis, oxidation ya anodic, no gutera irangi rya fluorocarbon, nibindi.
1. Electrophoresis
Electrophoresis ni inzira irangi rya electrophoretic rishyirwa ku buso bw'igikoresho kuri cathode na anode. Mu gihe cy'imbaraga z'amashanyarazi, iyoni z'irangi zishyushye zijya kuri cathode zigakora ikintu kidashonga hamwe n'imikorere ya alkaline ikorerwa ku buso bwa cathode. Electrophoresis ya aluminiyumu yerekeza ku nzira yo gushyiramo Alu yo hanzeifunze neza mu gikoresho cya electrophoresis, hanyuma igakora agace k’inyuma k’umuyoboro w’amashanyarazi. Imiterere ya aluminiyumu irabagirana cyane kandi ifite ingaruka nziza ku miterere y’indorerwamo, ibyo bikaba binatuma habaho ubudahangarwa bw’ingufu.
Urugendo rw'Inzira: Electrolysis (Kuvunika) ➤ Electrophoresis (Koga, Kwimuka) ➤ Electrodeposition (Imvura) ➤ Electroosmosis (Kubura amazi mu mubiri)
2. Okiside ya anode
Kugabanya ubushyuhe bw'aside mu miterere ya aluminiyumu bivuga inzira yo gukora urwego rwa firime ya okiside ku bicuruzwa bya aluminiyumu (anode) bitewe n'imikorere y'amashanyarazi akoreshwa munsi y'amashanyarazi ajyanye na electrolyte n'imiterere yihariye y'ikoranabuhanga kuri aluminiyumu n'ibyuma byayo. Ariko, firime ya okiside ikorerwa inyuma ya aluminiyumu ya anodize itandukanye na firime rusange ya okiside, kandi aluminiyumu ya anodize ishobora gusigwa irangi binyuze mu ibara rya electrolytic. Kugira ngo hakorwe inenge mu bukomere no kudashira kw'isura ya aluminiyumu, kwagura urwego rw'ikoreshwa no kongera igihe cyo kuyikoresha, ikoranabuhanga ryo gutunganya ubuso ryabaye ihuriro ry'ingenzi mu ikoreshwa rya aluminiyumu, kandi ikoranabuhanga rya okiside ya anodize ni ryo rikoreshwa cyane kandi rifite icyo rimaze muri iki gihe.
Urugendo rw'ibikorwa
Gukuraho amavuta ➤ Gusukura ibinyabutabire ➤ Kwangirika kwa aside ➤ Gukuraho agapira k'umukara ➤ Gusiga anodizing ➤ Gutegura mbere yo gusiga irangi ➤ Gusiga irangi ➤ Gufunga umwobo ➤ Kumisha
Itandukaniro riri hagati yo gusiga irangi no gusiga irangi: Gusiga irangi ni ugusiga irangi mbere na mbere hanyuma ugasiga irangi, mu gihe electrophoresis ari yo irangi mu buryo butaziguye.
3. Gusiga ifu y'amashanyarazi
Hakoreshejwe ibikoresho byo gutera ifu ikoresheje amashanyarazi, ifu ishyirwa ku ishusho y'igikoresho. Mu gihe cy'amashanyarazi akoresha amashanyarazi adahindagurika, ifu izashyirwa ku ishusho y'igikoresho kugira ngo ikore ifu. Nyuma yo guteka, gupima no gupima ifu mu bushyuhe bwinshi, ifu irashyirwa ku ruhushya runini, haboneka ifu ifite ingaruka zitandukanye. Ingaruka zo gutera ifu mu bijyanye n'imbaraga za mashini, gufatana, kurwanya ingese, no kudasaza, nibindi, ni nziza cyane kuruta uburyo bwo gutera ifu.
Urugendo rw'Inzira
Uburyo bwo kuvura mbere ➤ Gutera imiti ➤ Guteka no gusiga amavuta
4. Gutera fluorocarbon
Gutera fluorocarbon ni ubwoko bwo gutera electrostatic, ndetse no gutera amazi. Gukoresha spray ya fluorocarbon itetse hakoreshejwe polyvinylidene fluoride resin nk'ibikoresho by'ibanze cyangwa hamwe n'ifu ya aluminiyumu y'icyuma nk'ibikoresho by'amabara byakozwe mu irangi. Hariho ibimanikwa n'ibimanikwa. Bimanikwa bivuze ko mu gihe cyo gutunganya no gutera aluminium no kuyitunganya mbere yo kuyitera, aluminiyumu izahagarara. Igitambaro cya fluorocarbon gifite ubuziranenge bwiza gifite icyuma gishyushye, ibara rityaye kandi kigaragara mu mpande eshatu.
Inzira gutemba
Uburyo bwo gusukura mbere yo kuvurwa: Gukuraho amavuta no kuyakuraho ➤ Gukaraba amazi ➤ Gukaraba alkali (gukuraho amavuta) ➤ Gukaraba amazi ➤ Gukaraba aside ➤ Gukaraba amazi ➤ Gukaraba amazi ➤ Gukaraba amazi ➤ Gukaraba amazi ➤ Gukaraba amazi ➤ Gukaraba amazi ➤ Gukaraba amazi ➤ Gukaraba amazi meza
Uburyo bwo gutera: Gutera umuti wa primer ➤ Topcoat ➤ Irangi rya glaze ➤ Guteka (180 - 250℃) ➤ Kugenzura ubuziranenge
Itandukaniro riri hagati yo gutera ifu ikoresheje amashanyarazi n'ikoreshwa rya fluorocarbon: Gutera ifu hakoreshejwe ibikoresho byo gutera ifu (imashini itera ifu ikoresheje amashanyarazi) kugira ngo ikoreshwe ku ifu ikoresheje amashanyarazi asanzwe. Mu gihe cy'amashanyarazi asanzwe, ifu izashyirwa ku isura y'imashini, igakora ifu ikoresheje amashanyarazi. Gutera fluorocarbon ni ubwoko bwo gutera ifu ikoresheje amashanyarazi kandi ni uburyo bwo gutera ifu mu mazi, bwitwa fluorocarbon spraying.
5. Gukwirakwiza ibinyampeke by'inkwi
Imiterere y’ibiti byo kohereza ibinyampeke bivuga imiterere aho, hashingiwe ku ihame ryo kwinjira mu bushyuhe bwinshi mu irangi ry’ifu cyangwa electrophoresis, binyuze mu gushyushya, gushyiramo igitutu, imiterere y’ibiti ku mpapuro zo kohereza cyangwa firime yo kohereza yihuta kandi ikinjira mu miterere yasizwe cyangwa yasizwe amashanyarazi. Imiterere y’ibiti byo kohereza ibinyampeke ikorwa ifite imiterere isobanutse neza kandi ifite ubushobozi bwo kugaragaza neza imiterere karemano y’ibiti kandi ikaba ibikoresho byiza bizigama ingufu kandi bitangiza ibidukikije kugira ngo bisimbuze ibiti gakondo.
Urugendo rw'Inzira
Hitamo substrate ➤ Zingira impapuro zicapa ibiti ➤ Upfuke ishashi ya pulasitiki ➤ Isukura ➤ Teka ➤ Kuraho impapuro zicapa ➤ Kora isuku yo hanze
